01
Plan
Define the question, participants, ethics, constraints, and how findings will inform a decision.
Learn from the people doing scientific work and connect what you observe to the decisions your team needs to make.
Start with a question
Research is most useful when it begins with a decision, not a preferred method. Clarify what the team needs to learn and who has relevant experience.
In scientific settings, pay attention to data, tools, handoffs, environmental constraints, and the differences between documented and actual practice.
Core activities
Use multiple forms of evidence when the decision or consequence warrants it.
01
Define the question, participants, ethics, constraints, and how findings will inform a decision.
02
Use interviews, contextual inquiry, and workflow mapping to learn from behavior and context.
03
Separate observation from interpretation, show patterns and exceptions, and state limitations plainly.